Intensive care is a unit where serious life-threatening patients are treated. In intensive care units, issues such as equipment quality, personnel's expertise and hygiene are of great importance in terms of minimizing the risk of life.
Specialists, nurses and health professionals responsible for patient care work in intensive care units. All advanced laboratory examinations, digital x-rays, doppler and ultrasonography examinations are performed for our patients who are treated in intensive care units, and also CT (computed tomography) and MR (magnetic resonance) services are provided with the support of special equipment. In addition to these, mechanical and pharmacological life supports such as vasopressor drugs, mechanical ventilation and continuous dialysis are provided.
What are the Conditions that Require Treatment in the General Intensive Care Unit? Patients can be treated in the general intensive care unit for many reasons, some of the clinical conditions that are often the reason for hospitalization are listed below:
Severe body traumas: Head trauma, severe traumas in other parts of the body and fractures occurring in more than one area are situations that require immediate intervention and observation, and patients who present with such complaints should be followed up in intensive care units.
Serious blunt and penetrating injuries: Severe blunt and penetrating injuries caused by accidents, cutting and piercing injuries, especially if they occur in areas where the main arteries are located, cause serious blood loss. Accordingly, patients should be treated under intensive care in case of urgent intervention and treatment, infection risk and life-threatening risk. Cerebral hemorrhage: Cerebral hemorrhage, which can occur with the effect of high blood pressure in cases that thin the vessel wall such as aneurysm due to vascular diseases, can lead to partial or complete paralysis.
Patients with cerebral hemorrhage should be carefully monitored in intensive care units.
Stroke (Stroke):
Just like in cerebral hemorrhage, blockages may also occur in capillaries or small veins in the brain. In both cases, hemorrhage in the brain can lead to partial or complete stroke, causing serious life-threatening.
Severe respiratory failure: Respiratory failure may develop in pulmonary infectious diseases such as COPD, cardiovascular diseases and severe pneumonia. When this situation reaches to advanced dimensions, it can cause serious problems that can lead to the deterioration of oxygenation in the body and death. Patients with severe respiratory failure should be constantly monitored in terms of respiratory and vital functions in intensive care units throughout the treatment process.
Acute and chronic renal failure: In patients with newly diagnosed acute and chronic renal failure or people who do not follow the recommended diet for the disease, sodium, potassium and similar substances accumulate in the blood due to the failure of the kidneys. Since serious complications may occur in patients due to impaired blood values, these patients should be placed in intensive care units, and dialysis should be performed if necessary, and they should be kept under observation during the treatment process until blood findings return to normal.
Acute and chronic organ failure: Just like the kidneys, chronic failure or multi-organ failure may develop in the lung, liver and any other organs of the body. Patients in organ failure, which can cause quite serious pictures, are usually treated in intensive care units.
Nervous system diseases: Myasthenia Gravis, an autoimmune disease that develops in the form of antibodies formed in response to acetylcholine receptors in muscle and nerve compounds, Guillain-Barré syndrome with progressive weakening and paralysis of the muscles, and acute attacks or treatment of many diseases related to the nervous system are deposited in maintenance units.
Serious infections and sepsis: Severe infections in any part of the body and sepsis that develops as microbial agents enter the bloodstream; It is a life-threatening condition, requiring severe treatment and having the risk of developing organ failure, and requires treatment in intensive care units.
Poisoning: Since serious complications can develop in a short time in food and drug poisoning, patients who apply to emergency services in this way should be treated immediately. After the treatment to be applied, patients should be kept under surveillance in intensive care units for a period recommended by the physician. What are the Conditions that Require Treatment in the Coronary Intensive Care Unit? Some of the conditions that require treatment in the coronary intensive care unit are:
Kalp yetmezliği: Kalbin çeşitli etkenlere bağlı olarak zarar görmesi ile vücuda ihtiyaç duyduğu düzeyde kanı pompalayamaması sonucunda kalp yetmezliği adı verilen tablo gelişir. Hastalığa bağlı olarak ortaya çıkabilen nefes darlığı gibi komplikasyonların tedavi sürecinde ya da tedavi amacıyla uygulanan cerrahi girişimlerin sonrasındaki süreçte koroner yoğun bakım ünitelerinde takip gereklidir.
Follow-up of carotid stent applications: Carotid artery disease, which often causes heart problems, cerebral hemorrhages and strokes, can be treated by placing a stent in the carotid artery in cases where it is recommended by specialists. Follow-up process after this procedure should be performed in coronary intensive care units. Follow-up of acute coronary syndrome and MI (myocardial infarction) cases: In acute coronary syndromes, which can be defined as sudden blockages in the blood flow to the heart, and myocardial infarction, which is known as heart attack among the people, early diagnosis, emergency intervention and follow-up are very important in terms of reducing the risk of life. Patients who apply to healthcare institutions should be taken to coronary intensive care units immediately.
Follow-up of abdominal aorta and peripheral artery intervention cases: Patients should be followed up in coronary intensive care units in order to control acute problems that may develop after surgical interventions in the treatment of aneurysm and similar arterial diseases that develop in the abdominal aorta and peripheral arteries.
Follow-up of rhythm disorders, block or pacemakers: Patients with heart rhythm problems should be monitored and treated by coronary intensive care units for the period recommended by the physician after attacks and after block or pacemaking applications related to the heart.
What are the Conditions that Require Treatment in the Coronary Intensive Care Unit? The following services are provided in the cardiovascular intensive care unit: Follow-up after coronary by-pass (CABG) surgeries: By-pass surgery, which is applied by bridging the stenosis in the coronary arteries in the heart, using veins taken from a different part of the body, is performed by cardiovascular surgeons and requires follow-up in intensive care units. Follow-up after valve repair and replacement surgeries: Valve repair operations applied in the treatment of hereditary or acquired diseases in heart valves; Patients are followed up by cardiovascular intensive care units after open-heart surgery, sternotomy, and replacement surgery with small incisions in the armpit area with closed method. Life threatening, vein,Follow-up of piercing, sharp and firearm injuries of the heart and lungs: In cases such as cuts and punctures occurring after accidents and deliberate injuries, sudden deaths may occur in case of damage to the heart and lung areas, so immediate intervention is required.
After the treatment and surgical interventions, patients should be kept under observation in cardiovascular intensive care units until the vital risk disappears. Follow-up of pericardial tamponade cases: In cases of pericardial tamponade that develops due to fluid accumulation in the pericardial cavity, patients should be kept in cardiovascular intensive care units during the treatment process and the recommended period afterwards. Follow-up of sternum instability that may develop after surgery: The treatment to be applied in sternum instability that develops in the form of abnormal or non-physiological movements in the sternum (breastbone) due to infections and cardiovascular surgery operations, and follow-up in cardiovascular intensive care units during the following process.
What are the Conditions that Require Treatment in the Intensive Care Unit? Conditions that require follow-up and treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit can be listed as follows: Prematurity (preterm birth) follow-up: Since premature birth causes the baby to be born before the baby can fully adapt to the external environment and without organ development, it increases the possibility of some diseases in the baby. Therefore, premature babies should be evaluated in terms of possible diseases in the postnatal period and should be followed in neonatal intensive care units if deemed necessary by the physician. Follow-up of pneumonia (lung infection): Lung infection, which is frequently seen in newborns, may cause respiratory failure, high fever and many other complications in the baby. Newborn babies diagnosed with pneumonia, as there may be vital risks,It should be kept under follow-up in neonatal intensive care units.
Follow-up of temporary tachypnea (respiratory distress) of the newborn: In cases of preterm birth, respiratory distress may occur due to the baby's incomplete lung development and the baby may need respiratory support. This situation requires a meticulous follow-up and treatment process in neonatal intensive care units. Respiratory distress syndrome follow-up: Respiratory distress syndrome, another disease that develops due to incomplete lung development in newborns, develops due to surfactant deficiency in the lungs and requires follow-up in neonatal intensive care units. Hyperbilirubinemia (neonatal jaundice) follow-up: Hyperbilirubinemia, popularly known as jaundice, is one of the most common health problems in newborns. Newborn jaundiceSince it may occur due to different reasons, it may require different treatment methods.
Babies caught with jaundice during the process until the treatment and the elimination of complications should be followed up in neonatal intensive care units. Follow-up of acute bronchiolitis and other serious bronchial infections: Infection may develop in the bronchi and bronchioles in newborns. Babies caught with such respiratory tract infections should be treated carefully in neonatal intensive care units. Follow-up of other neonatal diseases that cause respiratory distress: Apart from the aforementioned diseases such as pneumonia, respiratory distress, bronchial and bronchiolar infections, there may be other diseases that are rare and cause respiratory distress.In this case, since the respiratory function should be controlled continuously and ventilator support should be applied when necessary, babies should be hospitalized in intensive care units if recommended by the doctor.
Y enidog until follow-up after surgical procedures done: any hereditary diseases in newborns, trauma or surgery requiring any case, depending on the post-surgical procedures according to the nature and size of the operation the baby throughout the process to be proposed by the physician, the newborn should be followed intensive care unit by. Intensive care units are units that should be included in health institutions in order to control the acute complications of all kinds of diseases for individuals of all ages, to keep the patient ready for emergency medical intervention and to minimize the risk of infection. These units should be supported by advanced technology equipment and specialist medical and technical personnel.
The division of intensive care units into areas of specialization such as cardiovascular intensive care and neonatal intensive care allows specialist healthcare personnel to be employed, and helps to reduce morbidity rates by applying specific approaches to diseases. For this reason, it is vital to choose health institutions with advanced and specialized intensive care units in order to provide the best treatment in case of a disease that requires follow-up and treatment in intensive care.